Encyclopedia of International Development

Edición de la obra Encyclopedia of international development

International Development is now a major global activity and the focus of the rapidly growing academic discipline of development studies. The Encyclopedia of International Development provides definitions and discussions of the key concepts, controversies and actors associated with international development for a readership of development workers, teachers and students. With 600 entries, ranging in length from shorter factual studies to more in-depth essays, a comprehensive system of cross references and a full index, it is the most definitive guide to international development yet published. Development is more than a simple increase in a countryʼs wealth and living conditions. It also implies increasing peopleʼs choices and freedoms; it is change that is inclusive and empowering. Development theory and practice has important applications to questions of economic growth, trade, governance, education, healthcare, gender rights and environmental protection, and it involves issues such as international aid, peacekeeping, famine relief, and strategies against HIV/AIDS. The Encyclopedia treats these topics and many more, and provides critical analyses of important actors within development such as the United Nations and World Bank, non-governmental organizations and corporations. Contributors to this volume reflect the multidisciplinary and international nature of the subject. They come from social science disciplines such as economics, international studies, political science and anthropology, and from specialties such as medicine. This Encyclopedia provides crucial information for universities, students and professional organizations involved with international development, and those interested in related topics such as international studies or other studies of social and economic change today. Also includes information on agriculture, aid, Arab League, Asian crises, basic needs, biodiversity, brown environmental agenda, Brundtland Commission, capacity building, capital intensive, capitalism, capital markets, caste, child labor, children, citizenship, civil society, climate change, Cold War, community, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), corruption, culture, dams, debt, deforestation, democracy, disease, drinking water, drought, drylands, Earth Summit, economic development, economic growth, education, End Child Prostitution in Asian Tourism (ECPAT), elites, employment, empowerment, environment, family planning, famine, female genital mutilation, fertility, fertilizers, food, foreign direct investment (FDI), free trade, fuelwood, gender, globalization, grassroots, green revolution, gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), health, HIV/AIDS, housing, human capital, import substitution, India, industrialization, International Labor Organization (ILO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), irrigation, labor markets, land rights, Latin American Free Trade Agreement (LAFTA), life expectancy, livelihoods, malaria, Mercado Comun del Sur (MERCOSUR), micro-enterprises, micro-credit, micro-enterprises, migration, modernization, money laundering, mortality, natural disasters, natural resources, neo-liberalism, new social movement, non-governmental organization (NGOs), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), nutrition. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), participatory governance, pastoralism, pollution, population, postcolonialism, poverty, primary health care (PHC), productivity, property rights, public sector, refugees, rural development, sanitation, security, slavery, social capital, social justice, structural adjustment, sustainable development (SD), tariffs, technology transfer, telecommunications, transnational corporations (TNCs), transparency, unemployment, United Nations, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), urbanization, violence, war, waste management, World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), etc.